Olympic Wrestling – Styles

Wrestling is a form of grappling type techniques such as clinch fighting, throws and take downs, joint locks, pins and other holds. Wrestling is one of the events that have been included in the schedule of the modern Summer Games since 1896, Athens. Since then, Summer Games wrestling has been included in every Summer Olympic Games except the 1900 Summer Games and has made a permanent place in the Olympics program.

Olympic Wrestling Styles

There are many different styles and forms of wrestling. Greco-Roman wrestling, freestyle wrestling, judo and sambo wrestling are the four main forms of wrestling practiced internationally. There are two Olympic wrestling styles that are included in Olympic program are freestyle and Greco-Roman wrestling.

Greco-Roman Wrestling

In Greco-Roman Wrestling, a wrestler may not attack his opponent's legs, nor use his own legs to trip, lift or execute other moves. The wrestler must wrestle from standing without the top of his head against his opponent’s chest. This is called passivity, and will result in a call of "CONTACT" by the official. The official will say "contact red" or "contact blue" before actually indicating passivity by holding an open palm hand in the air with the offenders color indicated. There is also a slight relaxation in not requiring a high arch by the attacker when a gut wrench is initiated on the mat, plus some modifications on hand attack when escaping.

Freestyle Wrestling

In freestyle Wrestling, both the arms and legs may be used to execute holds or to defend against attack. If legs are used as part of the attack by an aggressor, no points are scored and the wrestlers are returned to standing. Only one official needs to see the leg usage for the move to be nullified. If legs are used to prevent a move, the attacker receives whatever points are gained, a caution point or points, and choice of position. If a throw from standing is blocked, the attacker receives 2 points plus the position choice. If a move on the mat is prevented, the attacker receives 1 point plus choice. In either case, the offender receives a single caution.

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Olympic Wrestling - Basic Goals of Wrestling

Wrestling is a sport played between two players. The players fight unarmed with each other. In wrestling, a player is declared winner when he pins the opponent down. Wrestling was introduced to the Olympics' schedule as a men's event in the first modern Summer Games in 1896. Since then, wrestling has been held in every Summer Olympics except the 1900 Games. Women participated in the freestyle wrestling competition for the first time in the 2004 Summer Games.

Basic Goals of Wrestling

Wrestling technique is a combination of incredible strength, speed and training. Wrestling stylists generally work to take their opponents to the ground and control them there by utilizing clinches, locks, take downs, throws, and more. From there, the goals of what wrestlers do tend to depend on the style in question.

Sometimes wrestlers may have the goal of pinning their opponent. Other times, they may hope to end the fight utilizing a submission hold. The majority of wrestling styles can be defined by techniques such as clinching, take downs, take down defense, holding, and more. Additionally, some wrestling styles, such as catch wrestling, utilize submission holds or techniques meant to force an opponent to give up or face the consequences of a joint lock or choke hold.

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Olympic Wrestling History – Stockholm 1912

The fifth Modern Olympic Games were held from 5th May to 27th July at Olympiastadion, in Stockholm, Sweden in 1912. The Stockholm celebration of the Olympic Games was reduced to 10 weeks. By tradition, each host country is allowed to stage an event of their choice; after all they are laying on the games. In 1912 the Swedes introduced the modern Pentathlon and it was no surprise that they dominated the event.

A total number 14 sport, 102 events and there were 2407 athletes’ competed in the fifth Modern Olympic Games from 28 countries. For the first time participants came from all the continents symbolized in the Olympic ring. Women's events in swimming and diving were introduced in this Olympiad.

The fifth Modern Olympic Games, wrestling competitions were held from July 6th to 15th July 1912. A total of 170 wrestlers from 18 nations competed at the Stockholm Games. There were five wrestling events were contested and all for men in the Greco-Roman style.

Wrestling was conducted on three 5 x 5 meter mats in the Olympic Stadium, exposing the wrestlers to the hot sun throughout the matches. A small nearby enclosure was used as a reserve arena in the event of rain, and a few bouts did take place there. The bouts were in 30-minute rounds, with three judges. After each 30-minute round, the judges could declare a winner or order another round, with no limit to the number of rounds. In the event that neither wrestler was aggressive enough, the judges could declare both wrestlers to have lost (today called disqualification due to passivity).

The light heavyweight final between a Swede, Anders Ahlgren, and a Finn, Ivar Bohling, lasted nine hours and match was finally declared a tie. Since neither had gained an advantage over the other, no gold medal was awarded. Each received a silver medal.

The 1912 Olympics was the last time that gold medals were solid gold. Ever since, they've been silver with gold plating. The lists of medal winners in Greco-Roman style in all categories are given below.

Today Olympic Medals

Gold medal winners were Kaarlo Koskelo, Emil Väre, Claes Johansson, Yrjö Saarela. Silver medal Winners were Georg Gerstäcker, Gustaf Malmström, Martin Klein, Anders Ahlgren, Ivar Böhling and Johan Olin. Bronze medal Winners were Otto Lasanen, Edvin Mattiasson, Alfred Asikainen, Béla Varga and Søren Marinus Jensen.

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Olympic Wrestling History – London 1908

Wrestling is a sport played between two players. The player’s unarmed men or women grappling to either subdue the other with a pin or fall or accrue enough points to win. Wrestling is one of the events that have been included in every modern Summer Games since 1896 except the 1900 Games and has made a permanent place in the Olympics program. At the Olympic Games, men compete in two disciplines, Greco-Roman and freestyle, while the women’s events are in freestyle only and were organized first time in the 2004 Athens Summer Games.

The fourth Modern Olympic Games was held in London (Great Britain) in the year 1908 from 27 April to 31 October but was originally scheduled for Rome. The eruption of Mount Vesuvius prompted officials to move them to Great Britain. London was the first official Olympics where athletes marched into the stadium behind their respective national flags. A total number of 21 different sports featured, with 110 events with over 100 events and 2,008 athletes including 37 women. The level of competition was high but controversy and national rivalry still left a bitter taste on the Games.

Wrestling is one of the 21 sports and the wrestling competition was held on mats laid out in the infield of the White City Stadium from 20 to 25 July, 1908. There were 115 wrestlers of 15 countries. This was the first time that both the competitions Gréco-Roman and freestyle-type were held at the same Olympics and would not held again until 1920 Olympics. Favorites could really only be chosen in Gréco-Roman as, up until 1908, world and European championships had only been conducted in that class. The matches were the best of one fall, except for the finals and bronze-medal matches, which were the best two of three falls. Time limit was 15 minutes in catch-as-catch-can and 20 minutes in Gréco-Roman.

The Irish George "Con" O'Kelly had been British heavyweight champion in 1907, but had lost the 1908 title to Edward Barrett. At the Olympics, O'Kelly and Barrett met in the semi-finals and O'Kelly turned the tables with a quick fall.

Only Great Britain and Sweden entered wrestlers in both competitions Gréco-Roman and freestyle-type in 1908 Summer Olympic Games. The lists of medal winners in both competitions Gréco-Roman and freestyle-type in all categories are given below.

Gold medal Winners were Enrico Porro, Frithiof Mårtensson, Verner Weckman, Richárd Weisz, George Mehnert, Stanley Bacon and Con O'Kelly, Sr. Silver medal Winners were Nikolay Orlov, Mauritz Andersson, Yrjö Saarela, Aleksandr Petrov, William Press, John Slim, William Wood, George de Relwyskow and Jacob Gundersen. Bronze medal Winners were Arvo Lindén, Anders Andersen, Carl Jensen, Søren Jensen, Aubert Côté, William McKie, Arthur Gingell, Frederick Beck and Ned Barrett.

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Olympic Wrestling History – St. Louis 1904

Wrestling is a sport played between two players. The player’s unarmed men or women grappling to either subdue the other with a pin or fall or accrue enough points to win. Wrestling is one of the events that have been included in the schedule of the modern Summer Games since 1896, held in Athens. Since then, from the very first modern Summer Games wrestling has been held in every Summer Olympics except the 1900 Games and has made a permanent place in the Olympics program. At the Olympic Games, men compete in two disciplines, Greco-Roman and freestyle, while the women’s events are in freestyle only and were organized first time in the 2004 Athens Summer Games. The International Federation of Associated Wrestling Styles or the FILA is the international governing body of wrestling.

The Third Modern Olympic Games were held in St. Louis, Missouri in the United States in 1904. The organization began to plan for its own sports activities, informing the Chicago OCOG that the Exposition intended to eclipse the Summer Games unless the games would be moved to St. Louis. Pierre de Coubertin, the founder of the modern Olympic movement, gave in. there were 651 athletes took part from 13 countries and maximum number of athletes participated from United States.

In 1904 Games in St. Louis saw the introduction of freestyle wrestling, a faster-paced discipline that permitted the use of the legs to attack and defend above and below the waist. The Americans swept all seven divisions, but then again, there was no foreign competition.

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Olympic Wrestling History – Athens 1896

Wrestling is a sport played between two players. The player’s unarmed men or women grappling to either subdue the other with a pin or fall or accrue enough points to win. In wrestling, a player is declared winner when he pins the opponent down. At the Olympic Games, men compete in two disciplines, Greco-Roman and freestyle, while the women's events are in freestyle only. The International Federation of Associated Wrestling Styles or the FILA is the international governing body of wrestling.

Athens 1896 Olympic Wrestling

Wrestling is one of the events that have been included in the schedule of the modern Summer Games since 1896, held in Athens. Since then, from the very first modern Summer Games wrestling has been held in every Summer Olympics except the 1900 Games and has made a permanent place in the Olympics program. Greco-Roman wrestling and freestyle wrestling are the two disciplines in the Olympic wrestling event. Women participated in the Olympic wrestling for the first time in the history of Summer Games. Freestyle wrestling competition has been organized for women first time in the 2004 Athens Summer Games.

First Olympic Stadium Athens 1896

Wrestling History in Athens 1896

The 1986 Summer Games, the first Modern Summer Games were held at the newly reconstructed Panathenaic Stadium in Athens. There was no woman participant and most of the participants were Greek. In the 1896 Olympic Games there were fewer than 500 athletes representing 13 nations. 43 games were played in these 9 sports and wrestling was one of them. There was one unlimited weight class, but that didn't stop an agile 5-foot-4 German named Carl Schumann from winning the gold. He also won three gold’s in gymnastics.

Carl Schumann

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Olympic Wrestling Rules - Working for Scale

Wrestling is one of the original sports of both the ancient and modern Olympics, wrestling features two unarmed men or women grappling to either subdue the other with a pin (or "fall") or accrue enough points to win. Wrestling is one of the events that have been included in the schedule of the modern Summer Games since 1896 except the 1900 Games and has made a permanent place in the Olympics program. At the Olympic Games, men compete in two disciplines, Greco-Roman and freestyle, while the women's events are in freestyle only.

Working for Scale

The drama starts long before wrestlers hit the mat. Given the importance of strength-to-weight ratio, most wrestlers attempt to compete in the lightest category that they possibly can. That sometimes means a frantic race to sweat off the final pound or two to "make weight" or qualify. The weigh-in for each weight class happens the night before that class begins wrestling. Wrestlers have 30 minutes to register the allowable maximum on the scale. They can step on the scale as many times as they want. When wrestlers make weight, they draw a number representing their first opponent.

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